Explore Earth Science

KISS spans the full range of space studies, including earth science.

Study Programs

Crucial Carbon Stores and Fluxes in Desert Environments
Earth

Crucial Carbon Stores and Fluxes in Desert Environments

Understanding carbon stores and fluxes in desert environments is crucial to reach conservation, regeneration, and carbon goals locally and globally. In desert landscapes, carbon is primarily stored as inorganic carbon in the so-called caliche layer and…

Forging Community Consensus for an Integrated GHG and Winds Program
Earth

Forging Community Consensus for an Integrated GHG and Winds Program

To respond to climate change effectively, we need better information about how planetary ecosystems are responding to changes in the environment through carbon-climate feedbacks. There are several dedicated greenhouse gas missions, current and planned, focussed on…

Managing Soil Organic Carbon for Climate Change Mitigation – Multiscale Quantification Through Remote Sensing, AI and Biogeochemical Models
Earth

Managing Soil Organic Carbon for Climate Change Mitigation – Multiscale Quantification Through Remote Sensing, AI and Biogeochemical Models

Mitigating climate change by halting (and then reversing) the buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is a critical challenge which must be addressed by all sectors of the global economy, including how we manage land.…

Developing a Continuity Framework for Satellite Observations of Climate
Earth

Developing a Continuity Framework for Satellite Observations of Climate

Space-based observations of Earth have given us a view of the wonder and complexity of the planet. They also provide society with situational awareness of local-to-global environmental conditions and predictive guidance of near-term weather and related…

Covid-19: Identfiying Unique Opportunities for Earth System Science
Earth

Covid-19: Identfiying Unique Opportunities for Earth System Science

The goal of this study is to quickly assemble an interdisciplinary team of scientists, researchers and engineers to begin addressing the following questions: How will the response to the COVID-19 impact on the climate system be…

Real Time Detection and Tracking of Fires that Matter
Earth

Real Time Detection and Tracking of Fires that Matter

In this workshop, we build on findings from the Moore Foundation Fire Immediate Response Workshop and do a deep dive to investigate innovation for detecting and tracking costly fires that affect human life, infrastructure, and the…

Sensing Forest Water Dynamics from Space: Towards Predicting the Earth System Response to Droughts
Earth

Sensing Forest Water Dynamics from Space: Towards Predicting the Earth System Response to Droughts

In the last two decades, severe droughts and extreme climate events have caused widespread tree mortality across many forest biomes globally, causing profound effects on the function of ecosystems and their services in terms of water…

Unlocking a New Era in Biodiversity Science: Linking Integrated Space Based and In-Situ Observations
Earth

Unlocking a New Era in Biodiversity Science: Linking Integrated Space Based and In-Situ Observations

Biodiversity loss is a major threat to ecosystem health and to Earth’s life support systems, with human activities causing rapid and widespread loss and shifts in distribution. These changes will have accelerating consequences for human well-being…

Next-Generation Approach for Detecting Climate-Carbon Feedbacks: Space-Based Integration of OCS, CO2, and SIF
Earth

Next-Generation Approach for Detecting Climate-Carbon Feedbacks: Space-Based Integration of OCS, CO2, and SIF

This study follows on the heels of recent breakthroughs in measurement capability, global budget information, and model development. The first global satellite maps for Carbonyl Sulfide (OCS) from TES and MIPAS showed strong similarities with spatial…

Plan B: Engineering a Cooler Earth (Co-sponsored)
Earth

Plan B: Engineering a Cooler Earth (Co-sponsored)

Climate change is happening and its full consequences are not fully understood. A prevailing view contends that any warming above about 2 Celsius degrees from preindustrial times will be dangerous, producing serious negative consequences for humans…

Exploring New Multi-Instrument Approaches to Observing Terrestrial Ecosystems and the Carbon Cycle from Space
Earth

Exploring New Multi-Instrument Approaches to Observing Terrestrial Ecosystems and the Carbon Cycle from Space

Our poor understanding of terrestrial ecosystems and their biogeochemical and biogeophysical feedbacks with the Earth System severely limits our ability to make accurate predictions about the future of our home planet. To make the sort of…

Gazing at the Solar System: Capturing the Evolution of Dunes, Faults, Volcanoes and Ice from Space

Gazing at the Solar System: Capturing the Evolution of Dunes, Faults, Volcanoes and Ice from Space

Gazing from space holds considerable promise of capturing details of features on the surface of the Earth and other solar system bodies. As features change over time, processes such as evolution of earthquake faults, migration of…

Adaptive Multi-Functional Space Systems for MicroClimate Control

Adaptive Multi-Functional Space Systems for MicroClimate Control

The scope of the study is to adapt the most recent advances in multi-functional reconfigurable and adaptive structures to enable a micro-environment control that enables space exploration in extreme environments (EE). The technical goal is to…

Satellites to the Seafloor: Autonomous Science to Forge a Breakthrough in Quantifying the Global Ocean Carbon Budget

Satellites to the Seafloor: Autonomous Science to Forge a Breakthrough in Quantifying the Global Ocean Carbon Budget

Understanding the global carbon budget and its changes is crucial to current and future life on Earth. The marine component represents the largest reservoir of the global carbon cycle. In addition to physical processes that govern…

The Sleeping Giant: Measuring Ocean Ice Interactions in Antartica
Earth

The Sleeping Giant: Measuring Ocean Ice Interactions in Antartica

Sea level rise remains one of the most poorly predicted and potentially costly impacts of human caused climate change. Projections for sea level rise between now and 2100 range from 0.5 to 2 meters, which could…